Aviation Terms and Definitions

Weeping wing Deicing systems pump fluid from a reservoir through a mesh screen embedded in the leading edges of the wings and tail. depend on airflow as well, and if the primary air intake ices, an alternate air door either opens automatically Cloud tops You cannot climb through a front with tops to 30,000 feet. For most light nonturbocharged aircraft, once the tops reach 8,000 feet, climbing is no longer an option. Taxi to In the absence of holding instructions, a clearance to “taxi to” any point other than an assigned takeoff runway is a clearance to cross all runways that intersect the taxi route to that point. It does not include authorization to taxi onto or cross the assigned takeoff runway at any point. Propeller Anti-icers: Ice often forms on the propeller before it is visible on the wing. Props are treated with deicing fluid applied by slinger rings on the prop hub or with electrically heated elements on the leading edges. Steady green Cleared to land Cleared for takeoff Sterile Cockpit Complacency and lack of attention are the enemies of MAC avoidance strategies. To keep crews focused, airlines mandate a “sterile cockpit” at altitudes below 10,000 feet AGL; that is, all conversation not pertaining to operation of the aircraft is forbidden during these times. VFR Visual Flight Rules we fly under Visual Flight Rules Anti-icing Is turned on before the flight enters icing conditions. Typically this includes carburetor heat, prop heat, pitot eat, fuel vent heat, windshield heat, and fluid surface deicers (in some cases). Then when the boots deflate, a “bridge” of ice remains that cannot be shed during the next inflation cycle. Although some residual ice may remain after a boot Induction System Ice Not all aircraft ice is structural; induction icing is the cause of many accidents. Wing Deicer, and Anti-icing Systems There is presently one type of wing deicer—boots—and two anti-icing systems—weeping wing systems (fluid deice systems) and heated wings—that are commonly used in general aviation today.

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	Did You Know?
	Work-related aircraft crashes are the leading cause of occupational fatality in Alaska With civilian pilots having the highest fatality rate (410/100,000/year). Between 1990 and 1998, aviation accidents in Alaska caused 100 occupational pilot deaths. Most fatalities resulted from Controlled Flight Into Terrain - (CFIT) poor visibility & pilot error were big factors.